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Transparent level indicators are highly useful in chemical industries and petrochemical fertilizers. As the fluid is stored in high pressure and high temperature, the transparent level gauge is very useful to find the fluid level.

Working principle of the transparent level gauge

Apart from glass tube level gauges, transparent level gauges are always fitted with two plate transparent glasses between which the fluid is contained. The fluid level is indicated as the result of the different transparency of the two media and in some cases (for water steam), by conveying upwards on to the surface of separation (between liquid and gaseous substances) a source of light located at the back of the gauge, the rays of which are totally reflected down to the observer.

Applications

Transparent level gauges are suitable for almost all installations.

In fact they permit:

• the use of mica shields or Polytrifluorochloroethylene shields to protect the glass from the corrosive action of the process fluid.
• the observation of interface.
• the observation of the liquid colour.

This instrument consists of a metal body, machined to have an internal chamber and one or more front windows (on each side of the gauge). On each window a special high resistance plate transparent glass is applied with sealing joint and metal cover plate hold by bolts and nuts.

The chamber of the transparent level gauge is connected to vessel with cross fittings and flanged, threaded or welded ends. Usually, between the instrument and its connecting ends, valves are fitted to consent shut-off piping and to disassemble the level gauge without to empty the vessel. Drain valves can also be fitted to cross fittings device.

To avoid leakage in case of glass breakage, safety ball-check device can be provided in cross-fittings or shut-off valves in the transparent level gauge. This kind of indicator is suitable for water/steam. To protect glass surfaces from corrosive action of the process fluid, Transparent Level Gauges can be fitted with Mica shields or Polytrifluorochloroethilene shields. This kind of indicator is suitable for liquids colorless and very fluid.

Level Gauge

In some case (i.e. for water/steam) the best reading is obtained by conveying upwards on the surface of separation (liquid/steam or vapor interface), a source of light, located on the back of the gauge, the rays of which are totally reflected down to the observer.

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Global Level Gauge Market Report is a comprehensive study that focuses on the overall consumption patterns, development trends, sales patterns and sales in key countries of the Level Gauge Market. The report focuses on Level Gauge’s global vendors, the marketing department, and the competition. Comprehensive market research is carried out taking into account various factors, from the existence and business environment of a country to the unique impact of the market. This study shows that there is a dynamic change in the market when it comes to the benefit of local and regional competition for large companies.

This Level Gauge market report provides detailed information on market share, new developments and analysis of commercial pipelines, the impact of national and local market players, analyzes opportunities in terms of emerging revenue pockets, changes in market regulations, product approvals, strategic decisions, product launches on market, geographic location, expansions and technological innovations in the market.

Level Gauge Market – Scope and Size

Level Gauge Market is segmented on the basis of Top Key Players, Type, End-Users / Application. The Growth amongst the different segments helps you in attaining the knowledge related to the different growth factors expected to be prevalent throughout the market and formulate different strategies to help identify core application areas and the difference in your target markets.

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Based on the principle of magnetic coupling and buoyancy, the magnetic level gauge provides real-time measurement for level and interface.

Magnetic level gauge is connected to a process vessel. Within the chamber is a float containing a 360° magnetic ring. Outside of the chamber is an indicator equipped with a vacuum glass tube, which contains a bicoloured two-face magnetic bargraph.

In response to the level movement, the float moves accordingly, forcing the magnetic bargraph to turn and change color. True liquid level is indicated or “read” from the corresponding point on the measuring scale.

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The level gauge, or sightglass is to liquid level measurement as manometers are to pressure measurement: a very simple and effective technology for direct visual indication of process level. In its simplest form, a level gauge is nothing more than a clear tube through which process liquid may be seen.

A level gauge is not unlike a U-tube manometer, with equal pressures applied to both liquid columns (one column being the liquid in the gauge sightglass, the other column being the liquid in the vessel).

Level gauge valves exist to allow replacement of the glass tube without emptying or depressurizing the process vessel. These valves are usually equipped with flow-limiting devices in the event of a tube rupture, so too much process fluid does not escape even when the valves are fully open.

Some level gauges called reflex gauges are equipped with special optics to facilitate the viewing of clear liquids, which is problematic for simple glass-tube sightglasses.

A weakness of glass-tube level gauges is the glass tube itself. The tube must be kept in a clean condition in order for the liquid level to be clearly visible, which may be a problem in a dirty-liquid service. Also, glass tubes may rupture if subjected to thermal or mechanical shock. One solution to this problem is to eliminate the glass tube entirely, replacing it with a non-magnetic metal tube (e.g. stainless steel) containing a magnetized float, with magnet-sensing indicator flags outside of this tube to visually indicate level.

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An Inside Look at the Reverse Float Level Gauge

Knowing the liquid level in a chemical storage tank is important for a number of reasons. You have to know when to order more chemical, and certain chemicals have to be stored at a specific level to maintain their properties and/or operational requirements. A reverse float level gauge is helpful in that it lets you know, from the outside of the system, how much chemical is in your tank.

Why Design a Level Gauge

A level gauge of any kind monitors the liquid level of what is being stored in the polyethylene tank. There are several types of gauges including clear tube level gauges, ultrasonic level gauges, etc. While it works with many types of level indication, in almost all cases we recommend our reverse float gauge for use with chemical storage tanks.

How a Reverse Float Level Gauge Works

Perhaps counterintuitive at first glance, this simple level system contains a float inside the tank and a visual indicator on the outside. As the tank is filled, the chemical lifts the float which in turn allows the weighted indicator on the outside to move down. This is done using a pulley system with polypropylene rope and PVC rollers inside of PVC elbows. As the tank empties, the float inside the tank drops pulling the indicator up. This is why it is called a reverse float level gauge.

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What is Level Gauges?

Level Gauges is a type of meter used to determine the amount of liquid in a fixed storage or process tank. The head, float, tape, lower anchored bracket, guide wires, elbows, anchors, coupling, pipe support brackets, and pipework are all components of a gauge. The Liquid Level Gauge Calibration is used to ensure that the correct readings are received when using Level gauges.

Types of Level Gauges.

Different types of level gauges and various characteristics of character have a variety of behavior for a variety of kinds of various types for the intended application. The ordinary types of level gauges are:

• Reflex Level Gauges
• Transparent Level Gauges
• Bi-Color Level Gauges
• Magnetic Level Gauges

Reflex Level Gauges

Reflex level Gauge Level Gauge Based on Laws and Reason Rules

Reflex Glass Level Gauges Glasses are using glasses, prismatic exploitation in 90 of Section corner. When working, the cavity is filled with liquid in the lower part and gases and gases in the upper part.

In different bridges of liquid, the liquid level is known in the glass/steam field. Reflex level gauges don’t need a special light. The daylight is sufficient to see the level.

Transparent Level Gauges

Transparent Level Gauges are always attached to two plate transparent glasses. The liquid status indicates as a result of different transparency of two media.

The process can attach transparent level gages with Micha Shields to protect the surfaces from the full operation of the liquid. The applications should be recommended to save glass from the transparent level gauge and high temperatures.

Bi-Color Level Gauges

Bi-color level gauges are used in boilers to measure the media level. To protect against wet steam generated in a boiler drum, the gauge is made of high-quality mica sheets. The level is determined by comparing the indexes of refraction of steam and water. A transparent level gauge with a liquid chamber in a wedge-shaped section is known as a bi-color level gauge. An illuminator on the device’s backside is equipped with two color filters, one red and the other green. When red-colored light rays strike the water, they are averted and absorbed to one side. When the same light is shone on the steam, it passes through and appears red. When light passes through green filters, the opposite happens. This allows users to declare that each piece of media is available on the system.

Magnetic Level Gauges

To control the fluids, a magnetic field is used. Anything that is dropped in a liquid is said to have the ability to change the weight of the fluid. It can be used in the apps that are magnetic level gauges and apps that are broken or destroyed by glass gauges. They have the maximum temperature and stress of operational temperature and stress, respectively, and they can be used under the soil. Even in a very poisonous or destroying media, these gauges can be found in Inter-Face levels.

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Armoured level gauge: Armored level gages are used in a variety of applications, such as in petrochemical refineries and chemical plants. They work well in high-pressure environments, coming in a variety of PSI ratings up to 4000 PSI. They are available with transparent and reflex gauge glasses.

Tubular level gauge: Tubular gauges come with a clear or red line Borosilicate (Pyrex) to help improve visibility and measurement of clear fluids. They are often used in low-pressure applications up to 600 psi. Normally, they are recommended for use with oils and petrochemical liquids as opposed to water or steam as there is a possibility of the gauge’s steel valves developing rust or corrosion. However, the tubular gauges sold at McRae Engineering have automatic valves made with corrosion-resistant ball checks and stainless steel valves.

Magnetic type level gauge: For this type of level gauge, the chamber is constructed of non‐magnetic materials, with its float engineered and located inside the chamber. It is sized and weighed to the specific gravity of the process fluid to be measured. The float contains a 360° magnetic assembly, generating a strong uniform magnetic circuit. The float will move according to the changes in the liquid level, allowing for precise measurements.

As you can see, different types of level gauges work differently to suit different applications.

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Throughout this article we assume the density of the vapor in the headspace (typically air) to be negligible compared with that of the process fluid. We will assume also that there is only one, uniform, process fluid in the tank. Some of these technologies can be used for multilevel applications where two or more immiscible fluids share a vessel.

1. Glass Level Gauge. Available in a variety of designs, both armored and unprotected, glass gauges have been used for over 200 years as a simple method to measure liquid level gauge. The benefit of this design is the ability to the see the true level gauge through the clear glass. The down side is the possibility of glass breakage resulting in spills or safety to personnel.

2. Floats. Floats work on simple principle of placing a buoyant object with a specific gravity intermediate between those of the process fluid and the headspace vapor into the tank, then attaching a mechanical device to read out its position. The float sinks to the bottom of the headspace vapor and floats on top of the process fluid. While the float itself is a basic solution to the problem of locating a liquid’s surface, reading a floats position (i.e., making an actual level measurement) is still problematic. Early float systems used mechanical components such as cables, tapes, pulleys and gears to communicate level gauge. Magnet-equipped floats are popular today.

Early float level gauge transmitters provided a simulated analog or discrete level gauge measurement using a network of resistors and multiple reed switches, meaning that the transmitter’s output changes in discrete steps. Unlike continuous level-measuring devices, they cannot discriminate level gauge values between steps.

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Wetted surfaces are Type 316L Stainless Steel with an internal finish of 20 Ra/180 grit, borosilicate glass inner level gauge and gaskets per your specifications. The gaskets chosen will determine the temperature and pressure ratings of the unit and can be as high as 150psig.

The level gauge is manufactured from heavy wall borosilicate glass tubing, then tooled to a precision sanitary end configuration, similar to .75″ stainless steel sanitary fittings. The inner wetted borosilicate glass level gauge is then protected with an impact resistant full polycarbonate shield, which is held in place with delrin shield guides.

Vessel connections vary with application, however .75″ sanitary tri-clamp ends are standard and center to center lengths are per your specification. Pressure ratings are up to 150 psig – full vacuum, temperature ratings are up to 350 F.

Options for the sanitary level gauge include materials of constructions, SS, Alloys and plastic, connection configurations, lengths, shielding and gaskets.

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Sight glass liquid level gauges are a mainstay of fluid processing operations that store raw materials, intermediate, or final product in tanks and other vessels. Having a direct visual indication of fluid level at the tank enhances safety and provides the all important data point about what is happening inside the tank.

These level gauges are installed on the exterior of the tank, exposed to whatever environmental or operational hazards existing or occurring at the location. Armored level gauges are appropriately named because of their construction. They are designed to resist impact and mechanical stress, as well as a range or environmental conditions.

There are generally two versions of armored level gauges, reflex and transparent. The names refer to way in which light is handled by the gauge to reveal the liquid level.

Reflex Level Gauges are ideal for clean total level indication applications for refining, petrochemical and general use applications. The reflex prisms are molded and polished to provide a crisp black-silver bi-color indication of the fluid level. As light passes into the reflex glass, if there is fluid present, the light continues through the glass and reflects off the back of the level gauge, providing a black color for fluid level regardless of the actual color properties of the process fluid. If fluid is not present, the light is reflected off the glass back towards the user, providing a shiny silver or mirror-like appearance to indicate vapor space.

Transparent Level Gauges are selected for interface level indication, dirty service or any application that requires the use of a shield to protect the glass from corrosion. A transparent gage is also known as a “thru-vision” gauge since the gauge is constructed with two pieces of flat polished glass assembled on opposite sides of the level gauge chamber. Since the user can see straight through the gauge, it is also easy to view the fluid properties, such as color, whereas this would not be possible with a reflex gauge. The use of an illuminator is always recommended on a transparent gauge.

Selecting an armored level gauge is an exercise in preparing for known and unknown events that might disable your ability to directly read fluid level. Armored level gauges are employed extensively in chemical, petrochemical, and other industries where reliability under challenging conditions is essential. Wherever there are mechanical hazards, an armored level gauge may ultimately prove to be cheap insurance against downtime or delay.

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